On payday, it's still
a man's world
Study: Females earn
80 percent of what men earn one year after
graduating from
college; falls to 69 percent 10 years later.
By Reuters from
CNNMoney.com from the Web, April 23, 2007
NEW YORK -- A dramatic pay gap
emerges between women and men in America the year after they graduate from
college and widens over the ensuing decade, according to research released on
Monday.
One year out of college, women working full time earn 80 percent of what men
earn, according to the study by the American Association of University Women
Educational Foundation, based in Washington D.C.
Ten years later, women earn 69 percent as much as men earn, it said.
Even as the study accounted for such factors as the number of hours worked,
occupations or parenthood, the gap persisted, researchers said.
"If a woman and a man make the same choices, will they receive the same pay?"
the study asked. "The answer is no.
"These unexplained gaps are evidence of discrimination, which remains a serious
problem for women in the work force."
Specifically, about one-quarter of the pay gap is attributable to gender -- 5
percent one year after graduation and 12 percent 10 years after graduation, it
said.
One year out of college, men and women should arguably be the least likely to
show a gender pay gap, the study said, since neither tend to be parents yet and
they enter the work force without significant experience.
"It surprised me that it was already apparent one year out of college, and that
it widens over the first 10 years," Catherine Hill, AAUW director of research,
told Reuters.
The choice of fields of concentration in college was a significant factor found
to make a difference in pay, the study found.
Female students tended to study areas with lower pay, such as education, health
and psychology, while male students dominated higher-paying fields such as
engineering, mathematics and physical sciences, it said.
Even so, one year after graduation, a pay gap turned up between women and men
who studied the same fields.
In education, women earn 95 percent as much as their male colleagues earn, while
in math, women earn 76 percent as much as men earn, the study showed.
While in college, the study showed, women outperformed men academically, and
their grade point averages were higher in every college major.
Parenthood affected men and women in vividly different ways. The study
showed mothers more likely than fathers, or other women, to work part time or
take leaves.
Among women who graduated from college in 1992-93, more than one-fifth of
mothers were out of the work force a decade later, and another 17 percent were
working part time, it said.
In the same class, less than 2 percent of fathers were out of the work force in
2003, and less than 2 percent were working part time, it said.
The study, entitled "Behind the Pay Gap," used data from the U.S. Department of
Education. It analyzed some 9,000 college graduates from 1992-93 and more
than 10,000 from 1999-2000.
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