Marriage: Scripture
vs. Morality
Geoffrey R. Stone,
www.huffingtonpost.com from the Web, November 15, 2006
Last Friday, my younger daughter got
engaged. She surprised her partner with a proposal, a ring, and a string
quartet playing "their" song. As my wife noted, with two daughters we
never thought we'd have a daughter-in-law.
Mollie has known she is gay for a long time. When she was still a student
in a private high school, she led a controversial effort to create a
gay/lesbian/bisexual student support group. We thought this particularly
admirable because she was doing it on behalf of other students. Little did
we know.
Now, ten years later, Mollie has found a life-partner. Mollie and Andrea
are deeply committed to one another. They want to spend their lives
together. Watching them over the past few years, it is easy to see why.
They complement each other, take care of one another, respect each other, and
love one another. They want to have children, for all the right reasons.
In my experience, they are no different in their love, commitment, and
aspirations than any of the other young couples whose weddings I have attended
over the past half-century.
But Mollie and Andrea cannot marry. It is time for the United States to
move into the twenty-first century. In plain truth, it is immoral for the
government to discriminate against Mollie and Andrea in this manner.
"Marriage," we are told, "is between a man and a woman." It is simply a
matter of definition. It is a matter of Scripture. It is what God
commands. Indeed, there could be no other reason for such a rule.
Apart from religious precept, why would we have such a restriction?
There are, of course, rational reasons for creating the institution of marriage,
and it is easy to see why those reasons might focus on relations between a man
and a woman. Most obviously, marriage was designed to enable us to raise
children in a stable environment. By binding the woman to the man,
marriage assured the man that the children he raised were his own. Without
that assurance, men would have little reason to take responsibility for
children. Because that problem could never arise between two women or two
men, marriage between them was unnecessary.
Marriage also played an important role in legitimating sex. The early
Christians believed that absolute celibacy was the only proper way to live.
(Because the "Kingdom of God" was imminent, the early Christians saw
reproduction as irrelevant.) Marriage was justified only as a means to
prevent fornication (sex without marriage). As St. Paul put the point, "It
is good for a man not to touch a woman. Nevertheless, to avoid
fornication, let every man have his own wife, and let every woman have her own
husband." If they could not accept the higher discipline of celibacy, then
"let them marry, for it is better to marry than to burn."
The institution of marriage has embodied many restrictions over the years since
St. Paul. Marriage has been prohibited, for example, to persons of
different religions and different races. Like the ban on same-sex
marriage, those prohibitions were justified by appeals to tradition, natural
law, and Scripture. In a representative statement, a judge explained
miscegenation laws: "Almighty God created the races, white, black, yellow,
malay and red, and he placed them on separate continents. And but for the
interference with his arrangement there would be no cause for such marriages.
The fact that he separated the races shows that he did not intend for the races
to mix."
Same-sex marriage is particularly troubling to some people on religious grounds
because it so openly acknowledges the legitimacy of sodomy. According to
traditional Christian doctrine, God destroyed Sodom because its inhabitants
engaged in same-sex sex. (This is, by the way, a questionable
interpretation of the story.) Importantly, God destroyed not only those
who actually engaged in sodomy, but all the inhabitants of the city. The
lesson was clear: To avoid damnation, one must not only refrain from
same-sex sex, but also prevent others from engaging in it. For this
reason, sodomy came to be regarded as a sin so "detestable and abominable" that
it is "amongst Christians not to be named."
I have no problem with individuals leading their lives according to their own
religious beliefs. If one person needs to wear a yarmulke during the Star
Spangled Banner, so be it. If another disdains pork, good for her.
If a third has to use peyote as part of his religious observance, fine. If
a fourth believes her religion forbids her to marry a woman, I support her right
not to do so. But why should our government officially impose one group's
religious faith on others. Should the law require all people to wear a
yarmulke, refrain from eating pork, and not marry a person of the same sex?
In a highly diverse society that celebrates both its homogeneity and the
separation of church and state, government imposition of one faith's religious
practice on others should be unthinkable.
At least with respect to same-sex marriage, our society is about to change.
A third of Americans now favor allowing same-sex marriage and more than half now
support same-sex civil commitment. Our nation's greatest achievement has
been its ability to recognize and overcome deeply entrenched racial, religious,
gender, and ethnic discrimination. We will achieve this as well in the
realm of sexual orientation. But some of us grow impatient. I'd like
to go to Mollie's wedding.
Posted 11-14-06
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